GRID IMPACTS OF WIND POWER: A SUMMARY OF RECENT STUDIES IN THE UNITED STATES

Several detailed technical investigations of grid ancillary service impacts of wind power plants in the United States have recently been performed. These studies were applied to Xcel Energy (in Minnesota) and PacifiCorp and the Bonneville Power Administration (both in the northwestern United States). Although the approaches vary, three utility time frames appear to be most at issue: regulation, load following, and unit commitment. This paper describes and compares the analytic frameworks from recent analysis and discusses the implications and cost estimates of wind integration. The findings of these studies indicate that relatively large-scale wind generation will have an impact on power system operation and costs, but these impacts and costs are relatively low at penetration rates that are expected over the next several years.

Read the full report in pdf form.

In addition to the above report, you will find related reports and press releases on the Utility Wind Interest Group's web site:
http://www.uwig.org/operatingimpacts.html

If you don't have Adobe Acrobat Reader, you can download it for free.